echarts 3d 饼状图效果记录

echarts yekong 1413℃

数据大屏供水综合信息管理平台开发时,需要实现3d饼状图效果。于是查找了一下相关的文章将实现代码记录一下,方便可能的复用。
3d 饼状图

效果演示

效果实例

安装依赖

"echarts": "^4.9.0",
"echarts-gl": "^1.1.2",

组件代码

<template>
  <div class="water-eval-container">
    <div class="cityGreenLand-charts" id="cityGreenLand-charts">
    </div>
  </div>
</template>

<script>
import echarts from 'echarts'
import 'echarts-gl';
import {FontChart} from "@/utils/utils";

export default {
  name: "cityGreenLand",
  components: {},
  data() {
    return {
      optionData: [{
        name: '机电故障',
        value: 10000,
        itemStyle: {
          color: 'rgba(132, 67, 253, 1)',
        }
      }, {
        name: '电气故障',
        value: 12116,
        itemStyle: {
          color: 'rgba(246, 39, 255, 1)'
        }
      }, {
        name: '物料原因',
        value: 16616,
        itemStyle: {
          color: 'rgba(26, 229, 240, 1)'
        }
      }],
    }
  },
  mounted() {
    this.$nextTick(function () {
      this.init();
    });
  },
  methods: {
    init() {
      //构建3d饼状图
      let myChart = echarts.init(document.getElementById('cityGreenLand-charts'));
      // 传入数据生成 option
      this.option = this.getPie3D(this.optionData, 0.1);
      myChart.setOption(this.option);
      //是否需要label指引线,如果要就添加一个透明的2d饼状图并调整角度使得labelLine和3d的饼状图对齐,并再次setOption
      this.option.series.push({
        name: 'pie2d',
        type: 'pie',
        labelLine: {
          length: 0,
          length2: 0
        },
        startAngle: -20, //起始角度,支持范围[0, 360]。
        clockwise: false,//饼图的扇区是否是顺时针排布。上述这两项配置主要是为了对齐3d的样式
        radius: ['10%', '50%'],
        center: ['10%', '50%'],
        data: this.optionData,
        itemStyle: {
          opacity: 0
        }
      });
      myChart.setOption(this.option);
      this.bindListen(myChart);
    },

    getPie3D(pieData, internalDiameterRatio) {
      //internalDiameterRatio:透明的空心占比
      let that = this;
      let series = [];
      let sumValue = 0;
      let startValue = 0;
      let endValue = 0;
      let legendData = [];
      let legendBfb = [];
      let k = 1 - internalDiameterRatio;
      pieData.sort((a, b) => {
        return (b.value - a.value);
      });
      // 为每一个饼图数据,生成一个 series-surface 配置
      for (let i = 0; i < pieData.length; i++) {
        sumValue += pieData[i].value;
        let seriesItem = {
          name: typeof pieData[i].name === 'undefined' ? `series${i}` : pieData[i].name,
          type: 'surface',
          parametric: true,
          wireframe: {
            show: false
          },
          pieData: pieData[i],
          pieStatus: {
            selected: false,
            hovered: false,
            k: k
          },
          center: ['10%', '50%']
        };

        if (typeof pieData[i].itemStyle != 'undefined') {
          let itemStyle = {};
          typeof pieData[i].itemStyle.color != 'undefined' ? itemStyle.color = pieData[i].itemStyle.color : null;
          typeof pieData[i].itemStyle.opacity != 'undefined' ? itemStyle.opacity = pieData[i].itemStyle.opacity : null;
          seriesItem.itemStyle = itemStyle;
        }
        series.push(seriesItem);
      }

      // 使用上一次遍历时,计算出的数据和 sumValue,调用 getParametricEquation 函数,
      // 向每个 series-surface 传入不同的参数方程 series-surface.parametricEquation,也就是实现每一个扇形。
      legendData = [];
      legendBfb = [];
      for (let i = 0; i < series.length; i++) {
        endValue = startValue + series[i].pieData.value;
        series[i].pieData.startRatio = startValue / sumValue;
        series[i].pieData.endRatio = endValue / sumValue;
        series[i].parametricEquation = this.getParametricEquation(series[i].pieData.startRatio, series[i].pieData.endRatio,
          false, false, k, series[i].pieData.value);
        startValue = endValue;
        let bfb = that.fomatFloat(series[i].pieData.value / sumValue, 4);
        legendData.push({
          name: series[i].name,
          value: bfb
        });
        legendBfb.push({
          name: series[i].name,
          value: bfb
        });
      }
      let boxHeight = this.getHeight3D(series, 40);//通过传参设定3d饼/环的高度,26代表26px
      // 准备待返回的配置项,把准备好的 legendData、series 传入。
      let option = {
        title: [
          {
            top: '-5',
            x: '10',
            text: '·故障类型',
            textStyle: {
              fontSize: FontChart(14),
              color: 'rgba(54, 141, 255, 1)',
            },
          },
        ],
        legend: {
          data: legendData,
          orient: 'vertical',
          right: 10,
          top: 10,
          itemGap: 10,
          itemWidth: FontChart(8),
          itemHeight: FontChart(8),
          textStyle: {
            color: 'rgba(50, 162, 252, 1)',
            fontSize: FontChart(12)
          },
          show: true,
          icon: "circle",
        },
        labelLine: {
          show: false,
          lineStyle: {
            color: 'rgba(0,0,0,0)',
            width: 0,
            height: 0
          }
        },
        label: {
          show: false,
          position: 'inside',
          rich: {},
          formatter: '',
        },
        tooltip: {
          show: false
        },
        xAxis3D: {
          min: -1,
          max: 1
        },
        yAxis3D: {
          min: -1,
          max: 1
        },
        zAxis3D: {
          min: -1,
          max: 1
        },
        grid3D: {
          show: false,
          left: '-15%',
          boxHeight: boxHeight, //圆环的高度
          viewControl: { //3d效果可以放大、旋转等,请自己去查看官方配置
            alpha: 25, //角度
            center: [0, 0, 0],
            distance: 250,//调整视角到主体的距离,类似调整zoom
            rotateSensitivity: 0, //设置为0无法旋转
            zoomSensitivity: 0, //设置为0无法缩放
            panSensitivity: 0, //设置为0无法平移
            autoRotate: false //自动旋转
          }
        },
        series: series
      };
      return option;
    },

    //获取3d丙图的最高扇区的高度
    getHeight3D(series, height) {
      series.sort((a, b) => {
        return (b.pieData.value - a.pieData.value);
      })
      return height * 25 / series[0].pieData.value;
    },

    // 生成扇形的曲面参数方程,用于 series-surface.parametricEquation
    getParametricEquation(startRatio, endRatio, isSelected, isHovered, k, h) {
      // 计算
      let midRatio = (startRatio + endRatio) / 2;
      let startRadian = startRatio * Math.PI * 2;
      let endRadian = endRatio * Math.PI * 2;
      let midRadian = midRatio * Math.PI * 2;
      // 如果只有一个扇形,则不实现选中效果。
      if (startRatio === 0 && endRatio === 1) {
        isSelected = false;
      }
      // 通过扇形内径/外径的值,换算出辅助参数 k(默认值 1/3)
      k = typeof k !== 'undefined' ? k : 1 / 3;
      // 计算选中效果分别在 x 轴、y 轴方向上的位移(未选中,则位移均为 0)
      let offsetX = isSelected ? Math.cos(midRadian) * 0.1 : 0;
      let offsetY = isSelected ? Math.sin(midRadian) * 0.1 : 0;
      // 计算高亮效果的放大比例(未高亮,则比例为 1)
      let hoverRate = isHovered ? 1.05 : 1;
      // 返回曲面参数方程
      return {
        u: {
          min: -Math.PI,
          max: Math.PI * 3,
          step: Math.PI / 32
        },
        v: {
          min: 0,
          max: Math.PI * 2,
          step: Math.PI / 20
        },
        x: function (u, v) {
          if (u < startRadian) {
            return offsetX + Math.cos(startRadian) * (1 + Math.cos(v) * k) * hoverRate;
          }
          if (u > endRadian) {
            return offsetX + Math.cos(endRadian) * (1 + Math.cos(v) * k) * hoverRate;
          }
          return offsetX + Math.cos(u) * (1 + Math.cos(v) * k) * hoverRate;
        },
        y: function (u, v) {
          if (u < startRadian) {
            return offsetY + Math.sin(startRadian) * (1 + Math.cos(v) * k) * hoverRate;
          }
          if (u > endRadian) {
            return offsetY + Math.sin(endRadian) * (1 + Math.cos(v) * k) * hoverRate;
          }
          return offsetY + Math.sin(u) * (1 + Math.cos(v) * k) * hoverRate;
        },
        z: function (u, v) {
          if (u < -Math.PI * 0.5) {
            return Math.sin(u);
          }
          if (u > Math.PI * 2.5) {
            return Math.sin(u) * h * .1;
          }
          return Math.sin(v) > 0 ? 1 * h * .1 : -1;
        }
      };
    },

    fomatFloat(num, n) {
      var f = parseFloat(num);
      if (isNaN(f)) {
        return false;
      }
      f = Math.round(num * Math.pow(10, n)) / Math.pow(10, n); // n 幂
      var s = f.toString();
      var rs = s.indexOf('.');
      //判定如果是整数,增加小数点再补0
      if (rs < 0) {
        rs = s.length;
        s += '.';
      }
      while (s.length <= rs + n) {
        s += '0';
      }
      return s;
    },

    bindListen(myChart) {
      // 监听鼠标事件,实现饼图选中效果(单选),近似实现高亮(放大)效果。
      let that = this;
      let selectedIndex = '';
      let hoveredIndex = '';
      // 监听点击事件,实现选中效果(单选)
      myChart.on('click', function (params) {
        // 从 option.series 中读取重新渲染扇形所需的参数,将是否选中取反。
        let isSelected = !that.option.series[params.seriesIndex].pieStatus.selected;
        let isHovered = that.option.series[params.seriesIndex].pieStatus.hovered;
        let k = that.option.series[params.seriesIndex].pieStatus.k;
        let startRatio = that.option.series[params.seriesIndex].pieData.startRatio;
        let endRatio = that.option.series[params.seriesIndex].pieData.endRatio;
        // 如果之前选中过其他扇形,将其取消选中(对 option 更新)
        if (selectedIndex !== '' && selectedIndex !== params.seriesIndex) {
          that.option.series[selectedIndex].parametricEquation = that.getParametricEquation(that.option.series[
            selectedIndex].pieData
            .startRatio, that.option.series[selectedIndex].pieData.endRatio, false, false, k, that.option.series[
            selectedIndex].pieData
            .value);
          that.option.series[selectedIndex].pieStatus.selected = false;
        }
        // 对当前点击的扇形,执行选中/取消选中操作(对 option 更新)
        that.option.series[params.seriesIndex].parametricEquation = that.getParametricEquation(startRatio, endRatio,
          isSelected,
          isHovered, k, that.option.series[params.seriesIndex].pieData.value);
        that.option.series[params.seriesIndex].pieStatus.selected = isSelected;
        // 如果本次是选中操作,记录上次选中的扇形对应的系列号 seriesIndex
        isSelected ? selectedIndex = params.seriesIndex : null;
        // 使用更新后的 option,渲染图表
        myChart.setOption(that.option);
      });
      // 监听 mouseover,近似实现高亮(放大)效果
      myChart.on('mouseover', function (params) {
        // 准备重新渲染扇形所需的参数
        let isSelected;
        let isHovered;
        let startRatio;
        let endRatio;
        let k;
        // 如果触发 mouseover 的扇形当前已高亮,则不做操作
        if (hoveredIndex === params.seriesIndex) {
          return;
          // 否则进行高亮及必要的取消高亮操作
        } else {
          // 如果当前有高亮的扇形,取消其高亮状态(对 option 更新)
          if (hoveredIndex !== '') {
            // 从 option.series 中读取重新渲染扇形所需的参数,将是否高亮设置为 false。
            isSelected = that.option.series[hoveredIndex].pieStatus.selected;
            isHovered = false;
            startRatio = that.option.series[hoveredIndex].pieData.startRatio;
            endRatio = that.option.series[hoveredIndex].pieData.endRatio;
            k = that.option.series[hoveredIndex].pieStatus.k;
            // 对当前点击的扇形,执行取消高亮操作(对 option 更新)
            that.option.series[hoveredIndex].parametricEquation = that.getParametricEquation(startRatio, endRatio,
              isSelected,
              isHovered, k, that.option.series[hoveredIndex].pieData.value);
            that.option.series[hoveredIndex].pieStatus.hovered = isHovered;
            // 将此前记录的上次选中的扇形对应的系列号 seriesIndex 清空
            hoveredIndex = '';
          }
          // 如果触发 mouseover 的扇形不是透明圆环,将其高亮(对 option 更新)
          if (params.seriesName !== 'mouseoutSeries' && params.seriesName !== 'pie2d') {
            // 从 option.series 中读取重新渲染扇形所需的参数,将是否高亮设置为 true。
            isSelected = that.option.series[params.seriesIndex].pieStatus.selected;
            isHovered = true;
            startRatio = that.option.series[params.seriesIndex].pieData.startRatio;
            endRatio = that.option.series[params.seriesIndex].pieData.endRatio;
            k = that.option.series[params.seriesIndex].pieStatus.k;
            // 对当前点击的扇形,执行高亮操作(对 option 更新)
            that.option.series[params.seriesIndex].parametricEquation = that.getParametricEquation(startRatio, endRatio,
              isSelected, isHovered, k, that.option.series[params.seriesIndex].pieData.value + 5);
            that.option.series[params.seriesIndex].pieStatus.hovered = isHovered;
            // 记录上次高亮的扇形对应的系列号 seriesIndex
            hoveredIndex = params.seriesIndex;
          }
          // 使用更新后的 option,渲染图表
          myChart.setOption(that.option);
        }
      });
      // 修正取消高亮失败的 bug
      myChart.on('globalout', function () {
        // 准备重新渲染扇形所需的参数
        let isSelected;
        let isHovered;
        let startRatio;
        let endRatio;
        let k;
        if (hoveredIndex !== '') {
          // 从 option.series 中读取重新渲染扇形所需的参数,将是否高亮设置为 true。
          isSelected = that.option.series[hoveredIndex].pieStatus.selected;
          isHovered = false;
          k = that.option.series[hoveredIndex].pieStatus.k;
          startRatio = that.option.series[hoveredIndex].pieData.startRatio;
          endRatio = that.option.series[hoveredIndex].pieData.endRatio;
          // 对当前点击的扇形,执行取消高亮操作(对 option 更新)
          that.option.series[hoveredIndex].parametricEquation = that.getParametricEquation(startRatio, endRatio,
            isSelected,
            isHovered, k, that.option.series[hoveredIndex].pieData.value);
          that.option.series[hoveredIndex].pieStatus.hovered = isHovered;
          // 将此前记录的上次选中的扇形对应的系列号 seriesIndex 清空
          hoveredIndex = '';
        }
        // 使用更新后的 option,渲染图表
        myChart.setOption(that.option);
      });
    }
  }
}
</script>
<style lang="scss">
.water-eval-container {
  width: 50%;
  height: 100%;
  background: url('./bing3d.png') 15% bottom no-repeat;
  background-size: 60%;
}

.cityGreenLand-charts {
  width: 100%;
  height: 100%;
}
</style>

github代码

3d 饼状图代码实例

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